Effect of Seed Priming and Moist Chilling on Emergence Traits of Six Populations (Anthemis haussknechtii Boiss. & Reut. and Anthemis pseudocotula Boiss.) in Greenhouse Condition

Chamomile (Anthemis haussknechtii Boiss. & Reut. and Anthemis pseudocotula Boiss.) are annual, medicinal and aromatic plant belong to Asteraceae family. This two species have special important in pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Current study was carried out to investigation of different pre-treatments for enhancement of seed emergence potential, rate of emergence and vigor in some populations of Anthemis haussknechtii and Anthemis pseudocotula For this purpose, a factorial experiment was conducted based on randomized complete design with three replications. The first were six populations and the second factor were six pre-treatments levels including osmopriming (0.5% and 1% of potassium nitrate (KNO3)), hormon priming (125 ppm and 250 ppm of gibberellic acid (GA3)), hydropriming (as control with distilled water) and moist chilling (4 °C) in greenhouse conditions. The results showed significant differences between population, treatment and their interactions (p<0.01). Priming improved means of manty traits in some populations. In comparing between populations, 19320-Zanjan population had higher seed emergence characteristics higher than the other five populations. It was concluded that giberellic acid and potassium nitrate had higher effects on emergence characteristics than moist chilling and control. It was concluded that hormonal priming and osmopriming as physiological treatment, enhanced seed emergence characteristics and seedling vigor in some populations of Anthemis in greenhouse conditions.